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Extra Currency Minting

Extracurrency​

According to Tos Blockchain Whitepaper 3.1.6, TOS Blockchain allows its users to define arbitrary cryptocurrencies or tokens apart from the Toscoin, provided some conditions are met. Such additional cryptocurrencies are identified by 32-bit currency_ids. The list of defined additional cryptocurrencies is a part of the blockchain configuration, stored in the masterchain. Each internal message as well as account balance contains a special field for ExtraCurrencyCollection (set of extracurrencies attached to a message or kept on balance):

extra_currencies$_ dict:(HashmapE 32 (VarUInteger 32)) = ExtraCurrencyCollection;
currencies$_ grams:Grams other:ExtraCurrencyCollection = CurrencyCollection;

Extracurrency config​

A dictionary, or to be precise ExtraCurrencyCollection, of all currencies that should be minted is stored in ConfigParam7:

_ to_mint:ExtraCurrencyCollection = ConfigParam 7;

ConfigParam 6 contains data related to minting:

_ mint_new_price:Grams mint_add_price:Grams = ConfigParam 6;

ConfigParam2 contains address of Minter.

Low-level minting flow​

In each block, the collator compares the old global balance (global balance of all currencies at the end of prev block) with ConfigParam7. If any amount for any currency in ConfigParam7 is less than it is in the global balance - the config is invalid. If any amount of any currency in ConfigParam7 is higher than it is in the global balance a minting message will be created.

This minting message has source -1:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 and Minter from ConfigParam2 as destination and contains excesses of extracurrencies in ConfigParam7 over old global balance.

The issue here is that the minting message contains extra currencies only and no TOS coins. That means that even if Minter is set as a fundamental smart contract (presented in ConfigParam31), a minting message will cause the aborted transaction: compute_ph:(tr_phase_compute_skipped reason:cskip_no_gas).

High-level minting flow​

Minter smart contract upon receiving a request for the creation of new extracurrencies or minting additional tokens for existing ones should:

  1. Check that fee determined in ConfigParam6 can be deducted from the request message
    1. for existing tokens: check authorization for minting (only the owner can mint new ones)
    2. for the creation of new currencies: check that id of the cryptocurrency is not occupied and store owner of the new currency
  3. send message to config contract (such message should cause the addition to ExtraCurrencyCollection in ConfigParam7)
  4. send message to 0:0000...0000 (which is guaranteed to bounce in the next or following blocks) with extra_currency id

Upon receiving message from 0:0000...0000

  1. read extra_currency id from the bounce message
  2. if there are tokens with corresponding id on minter balance send them to this currency owner with ok message
  3. otherwise send to currency owner fail message

Issues to be resolved​

  1. Workaround with sending a message to 0:0000...0000 for postponement of request processing is quite dirty.
  2. Cases, when minting failed, should be thought out. For now, it looks like the only possible situation is when a currency amount is 0 or such that the current balance plus a minted amount doesn't fit into (VarUInteger 32)
  3. How to burn? At first glance, there are no ways.
  4. Should minting fees be prohibitive? In other words, is it dangerous to have millions of extracurrencies (big config, potential DoS due to unbound number of dict operations on collation?)